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5S‐IGS rDNA in wind‐pollinated trees ( Fagus L.) encapsulates 55 million years of reticulate evolution and hybrid origins of modern species
Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science (DAFNE) Università degli studi della Tuscia Viterbo 01100 Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’ Valenzano 70010 Italy.
Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Paleobiology.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9535-1206
Unaffiliated, Orléans France.
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2021 (English)In: The Plant Journal, ISSN 0960-7412, E-ISSN 1365-313X, Vol. 109, no 4, p. 909-926Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Standard models of plant speciation assume strictly dichotomous genealogies in which a species, theancestor, is replaced by two offspring species. The reality in wind-pollinated trees with long evolutionaryhistories is more complex: species evolve from other species through isolation when genetic drift exceeds gene flow; lineage mixing can give rise to new species (hybrid taxa such as nothospecies and allopolyploids). The multi-copy, potentially multi-locus 5S rDNA is one of few gene regions conserving signal from dichotomous and reticulate evolutionary processes down to the level of intra-genomic recombination. Therefore, it can provide unique insights into the dynamic speciation processes of lineages that diversified tens of millions of years ago. Here, we provide the first high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of the 5S intergenic spacers (5S-IGS) for a lineage of wind-pollinated subtropical to temperate trees, the Fagus crenata – F.sylvatica s.l. lineage, and its distant relative F. japonica. The observed 4963 unique 5S-IGS variants reflect acomplex history of hybrid origins, lineage sorting, mixing via secondary gene flow, and intra-genomic competition between two or more paralogous-homoeologous 5S rDNA lineages. We show that modern species are genetic mosaics and represent a striking case of ongoing reticulate evolution during the past 55 million years.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2021. Vol. 109, no 4, p. 909-926
Keywords [en]
Fagus, 5S rDNA, high-throughput sequencing, wind-pollination, adaptation, hybrid evolution, genetic diversity
National Category
Evolutionary Biology Other Earth Sciences
Research subject
Ecosystems and species history; The changing Earth
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:nrm:diva-4992DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15601OAI: oai:DiVA.org:nrm-4992DiVA, id: diva2:1717728
Funder
German Research Foundation (DFG), FZT 118Swedish Research Council, 2015-03986
Note

EDS and GWG gratefully acknowledge the support of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig funded by the German Research Foundation (FZT 118). The research was partially supported by MIUR (Italian Ministry for Education, University and Research), Law 232/2016, ‘Department of excellence’. Open Access Funding provided by Universita degli Studi della Tuscia within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. 

Available from: 2022-12-09 Created: 2022-12-09 Last updated: 2025-02-01Bibliographically approved

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Publisher's full texthttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/tpj.15601

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