Generic characters of the East Palaearctic sawfly genus Phymatoceriola Sato, 1928 are detailed. A key to Phymatoceriola species is given. Supplementary descriptions are given for three Northeast Asian species, P. nipponensis Togashi, 1984 from Japan (Honshu), P. suigenensis Sato, 1928 from Korea and Russia (Irkutsk, Khabarovsk), and P. ussuriensis Malaise, 1964 from Japan (Honshu) and Russia (Primorsky). The males of P. nipponensis and P. suigenensis and the female and larva of P. ussuriensis are described for the first time. Phymatoceriola ussuriensis is recorded from Japan for the first time, and its host plant is Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce var. pluriflorum (Miq.) Ohwi (Asparagaceae). This is the first host plant record for this genus. ZooBank LSID: https://zoobank.org/References/21800E6B-DF3E-4259-80A4-7331822CD7CD