A 75,000-y-old Scandinavian Arctic cave deposit reveals past faunal diversity and paleoenvironmentShow others and affiliations
2025 (English)In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, ISSN 0027-8424, E-ISSN 1091-6490, Vol. 122, no 32, article id e2415008122Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
During the last glacial period (~118 to 11.7 ka), the Arctic has been characterized bya major redistribution of flora and fauna as a consequence of extreme climatic fluctua-tions, with associated glacial advances and retreats, sea-level changes, and shifting seaice extent. In the high- latitude regions of Northern Europe that are currently subject torapid climate warming, we lack a comprehensive understanding of faunal biodiversityin the last glacial period due to the extreme rarity of preserved organic remains. Here,we present a stratified sediment deposit with a diverse faunal composition preservedin a bone- bearing layer in Arne Qvamgrotta, part of the Storsteinhola cave system(68.10° N 16.38° E) in Northern Norway. Chronological analyses of sediments andbones including radiocarbon, optically stimulated luminescence, uranium–thorium, andphylogenetic dating place the faunal assemblage in Marine Isotope Stage 5a (MIS 5a,Odderade interstadial, ~85 to 71 ka). Combining comparative osteology and bulk-bonemetabarcoding, we identify 46 taxa, including mammals, birds, and fish, with sev-eral species not previously found in Fennoscandia. The fauna implies a nonanalogouscold- adapted coastal community, with close proximity to sea ice and nearby freshwaterbodies. Mitogenome analyses of a subset of taxa identify extinct lineages which attestto a lack of habitat tracking and the absence of a local refugium during the subsequentfully glaciated periods. This faunal record demonstrates long-term faunal dynamics andcoastal environmental conditions during MIS 5a in the European Arctic.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. Vol. 122, no 32, article id e2415008122
National Category
Ecology
Research subject
Ecosystems and species history
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:nrm:diva-6127DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2415008122OAI: oai:DiVA.org:nrm-6127DiVA, id: diva2:2018209
Funder
The Research Council of Norway, 3144642025-12-022025-12-022025-12-02